We’ve compiled a list of common terms used to describe different types of concrete products. These are general definitions and the specific composition and application may varry from maker to maker.
Air-Entrained Concrete: Concrete that contains tiny air bubbles intentionally introduced during mixing. These air pockets increase the freeze-thaw durability of the concrete, making it suitable for colder climates.
Cast Stone: A highly refined architectural precast concrete used to simulate natural cut stone. It's made from a mix of white and/or grey cements, natural or manufactured sands, and crushed stone. Cast stone is used for aesthetic applications where a stone-like appearance is desired.
Fiber Reinforced Concrete: A concrete mix containing fibrous materials to improve structural integrity and reduce cracking. Fibers can be synthetic, natural, or glass fibers. This type of concrete enhances overall energy absorption and durability.
Fiberglass Reinforced Concrete: Similar to GFRC, it involves the use of glass fibers for reinforcement. It's typically used for creating more intricate and aesthetic designs in concrete products.
GFRC (Glass Fiber Reinforced Concrete): A type of fiber-reinforced concrete that uses glass fibers for reinforcement. It is known for its lightweight, strength, and design versatility. GFRC is commonly used in architectural applications, including outdoor furniture and decorative panels.
GFRC Waterproof: This refers to GFRC products that are treated or manufactured in a way to make them resistant to water penetration. This feature is essential for outdoor items to ensure longevity and durability against weather elements.
High-Performance Concrete: This concrete type is characterized by properties such as high durability, increased strength, and resistance to harsh environmental conditions. It's commonly used in specialized projects like nuclear power plants and offshore structures.
High-Strength Concrete: A type of concrete with a compressive strength higher than standard concrete, often exceeding 40 MPa. It's used in structures that demand high load-bearing capacity, such as skyscrapers and bridges.
Lightweight Concrete: Concrete that uses lightweight aggregates such as expanded clay, shale, or slate, resulting in a lower density compared to traditional concrete. It's often used in applications where reducing the weight of the structure is important, like rooftop gardens or balconies.
Precast Concrete: Concrete that is cast and cured in a controlled environment, usually at a manufacturing plant, and then transported to the construction site. This method ensures higher quality control and faster construction time. Precast concrete is used for various applications, including wall panels, beams, and staircases.
Self-Consolidating Concrete (SCC): A highly flowable type of concrete that spreads and settles into place without the need for mechanical vibration. It's used in complex forms or where reinforcing bars make traditional concrete placement difficult.
Shotcrete: A method of applying concrete projected at high velocity onto a surface. It's often used for curved or thin structures and in applications where conventional molds are not feasible.
Stamped Concrete: A decorative concrete type where freshly poured concrete is stamped with patterns or textures before it sets, often resembling natural materials like stone, brick, or wood. It's popular for patios, driveways, and walkways.
Traditional Concrete: A composite material composed of aggregates (like sand and gravel), Portland cement, and water. It's known for its heaviness, solidity, and wide range of applications in construction, including outdoor furniture and structures.
Waterproof Concrete: Concrete that has been treated or formulated to prevent water penetration. This is crucial for structures exposed to moist environments or where water resistance is a key requirement.